In Hawaii producers of maize seed spray regularly after planting to control insects that spread the virus (Nelson et al., 2011). CABI is a registered EU trademark. KEN-02/2, Rome, Italy: FAO. Rome, Italy: FAO. In: Phytopathology, 80 892. by Association of Applied Biologists]. Other symptoms include premature aging of the plants and mild to severe leaf mottling. Preliminary data from 43 pre-commercial maize hybrids and seven commercial hybrids at Bomet, Chepkitwal and Naivasha, and of 200 elite inbred lines at Naivasha, during one season of screening under natural disease pressure, suggest that MLN-resistant maize germplasm can be identified and developed quickly. First report of Maize chlorotic mottle virus and maize lethal necrosis on maize in Ethiopia. Carrera-Martinez H, Lozoya-Saldana H, Mendoza-Zamora C, Alvizo-Villasana H, 1989. Occurrence of maize lethal necrosis in Ecuador: a disease without boundaries? (2012). Characterization of Maize chlorotic mottle Virus associated with maize lethal necrosis disease in China. Manure and basal/top dressing fertilizers can be applied to boost plant vigour. 284. http://www.dpvweb.net/dpv/showdpv.php?dpvno=284, IPPC, 2014. Plant hybrids like Deccan, Ganga-5, Deccan Hybrid Makka-103 and DHM – 1 which are resistant to this disease to minimise the disease intensity. Rome, Italy: FAO. Maize is a major staple food for millions of households in Sub-Saharan Africa. First report of lethal necrosis disease associated with co-infection of finger millet with Maize chlorotic mottle virus and Sugarcane mosaic virus in Kenya. Fitopatologia, 9:79-84, Doupnik Jr B, 1979. Endemic in South Central Nebraska where affected fields are located in small river valleys and irrigation districts. Maize lethal necrosis was first identified in the USA in 1976 (Niblett and Caflin, 1978).The disease is caused by a combination of two viruses, Maize chlorotic mottle virus (MCMV) and Sugarcane mosaic virus (SCMV), a pathogen prevalent in many parts of Kenya affecting cereal crops. [Proceedings of the 34th Annual Corn and Sorghum Research Conference. The coinfecting … Maize Lethal Necrosis: An Emerging, Synergistic Viral Disease Annu Rev Virol. Maize chlorotic mottle virus. New pest of maize: maize lethal necrosis in Uganda. Biology and Ecology Top of page. Further details may be available for individual references in the Distribution Table Details section which can be selected by going to Generate Report. Maize Lethal Necrosis Disease . Agdia-Emea provides diagnostic solutions based on immunological and molecular technologies for plant pathogens and GMO. Maize lethal necrosis disease Maize lethal necrosis disease is a viral disease that was recently reported in Kenya in the Rift Valley region and has since widely spread to other regions in the country (Adams et al., 2013; Wangai et al., 2012) and to the neighboring countries (Lukanda et al., 2014, Adams et al., 2014, Mahuku et al., 2015). The disease is difficult to control for two reasons: 1.It is caused by a combination of two viruses that are difficult to differentiate individually based on visual symptoms. 22. http://www.ndrs.org.uk/article.php?id=029022 DOI:10.5197/j.2044-0588.2014.029.022, CABI, Undated. Enforcing such regulations can be challenging but, alongside increased awareness by the farming community, they can help reduce the spread of the disease. Later the disease was noted in Bomet Central Division, spreading into the neighbouring Chepalungu and Narok South and North Districts and Naivasha. http://www.cimmyt.org/en/where-we-work/africa/item/maize-lethal-necrosis-mln-disease-in-kenya-and-tanzania-facts-and-actions. SCMV is found worldwide, but this was the first report of either MCMV or maize lethal necrosis in Africa. It has been first described in Kenya in 2012. Most infected plants die early or become sterile – so they can't produce pollen and seed. Superior resistance to MCMV is widely available in tropical maize seed stocks and provides the best control for this disease. ELISA test available: We can also supply your laboratory with the ELISA tests to detect the viruses. Corn lethal necrosis develops when two viruses occur together in the same plant. Imidacloprid is applied as a seed dressing in combination with foliar sprays. Vector control should target soilborne and early season vectors and combine long residual and fast-acting control agents to achieve faster knockdown and longer protection. The test requires no training and it is very simple to use. To help control MLND, the maize seeds have to be dressed with an insecticide in addition to a fungicide seed dressing. (1991). Seed Inspectors can check for Maize lethal necrosis disease (MLND) in seed farms. In a Nutshell. A new virus disease of maize in Peru. Impact: As corn is the main staple food in East Africa, MLND is considered as a serious threat for food security. Finally, we can recommend local laboratories in your country that use our tests to detect the MLND responsible viruses. First discovered in a corn field in North Central Kansas then in Almena Kansas. by Association of Applied Biologists]. Seed transmission of maize chlorotic mottle virus. Management: Diseased plants should be immediately uprooted and burnt, to prevent further spread. We'll contact you as soon as possible: Maize lethal necrosis (MLN) is a disease of maize caused by the combination of Maize chlorotic mottle virus (MCMV) and a virus belonging to the potyviridae family. Called maize lethal necrosis (MLN; or corn lethal necrosis, CLN), it can devastate maize crops. Infection of maize by any of the viruses alone does not cause MLND. Symptoms of MLND are more severe than the additive symptoms of either MCMV or the potyvirus virus alone. New pest of maize: maize lethal necrosis in Uganda. Internationally, MLND has been reported from Peru, USA, Argentina, Mexico, Thailand, razil … Maize lethal necrosis (MLN) disease in Kenya and Tanzania: Facts and actions. MLN caused by MCMV and the potyvirus Sugarcane mosaic virus (SCMV) was identified in Kenya in 2012 (Adams et al., 2013) and associated with significant damage. European Journal of Plant Pathology, 146(3), 705-710. http://rd.springer.com/journal/10658 doi: 10.1007/s10658-016-0943-5, Uyemoto JK, 1983. The areas affected constitute major maize production acreage and given the recorded loss of up to 100%, it has become an important food security issue in Kenya. Maize lethal necrosis disease (MLND) is a serious threat to maize production. A plant health inspectorate organization can test for Maize chlorotic mottle virus (MCMV) in all seed coming into the country including the material for breeding. Chicago, USA 16-34, Gordon DT, Bradfute OE, Gingery RE, Nault LR, Uyemoto JK, 1984. (Nueva enfermedad virosa afectando al maiz en el Peru.) We are developing a similar test that will be able to detect the most of the viruses belonging to the Potyvirus group. Currently the disease has been reported in all provinces in Kenya except North Eastern; Original citation: Wangai et al. Seed producers have incurred an extra cost in the production of seed maize. Meng ChunMei, Hong Jian, Zhou XuePing, 2011 ) fees,. 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